Skip to main content

K-A End User Help

Shut-in Classification

Introduction

When using the built-in shut-in identification user task, it can add classification attributes to the detected shut-ins using the choke ID gauge, if available. Below is a detailed description of the workflow.

Description

Important

Timestamp1 = Start of the shut-in time as detected by the SI algorithm.

Timestamp2 = Largest measured pressure gradient.

    The classification is made using the following logic:

    1. Hard Shut-In:

      A shut-in is classified as Hard if the largest measured pressure gradient (Timestamp2) occurs within 10 seconds of the shut-in start time (Timestamp1) as detected by the SI algorithm. The choke ID does not affect this classification.

    2. Soft or Unknown Shut-In:

      • If the largest pressure gradient is not within 10 seconds, the choke ID is used to classify the shut-in as either Soft or Unknown.

      • A 5-minute window (both forward and backward) from the SI time is analyzed to determine changes in the choke ID.

        • If the choke ID decreases insignificantly (less than 1%) or if no choke data is available within this window, the SI type is marked as Unknown.

        • If the choke ID increases (more than 1% change) when moving backward in time, the SI type is marked as Soft.

    3. Refining the Start of Soft Shut-Ins:

      For all Soft shut-ins, the start time is refined by analyzing choke ID values in 5-minute increments going backward, up to 2 hours before the detected start time, to identify a stabilized period.

      • A stabilized period is defined as a time when the choke ID shows less than a 1% change in its mean value.

      • Once a stabilized period is identified, the choke ID is analyzed point-by-point moving forward to determine where the choke ID decreases significantly.

    4. Determining the New SI Time:

      A new shut-in time is established when:

      • The choke ID decreases by more than 1% compared to the mean value in the previous 5-minute window

      • The z-value (standardized choke ID relative to the mean and standard deviation of the stabilized period) is less than -2.

    Note

    • The -2 z-value indicates that the choke ID is two standard deviations below the mean of the choke ID values in the previous 5-minute window.

      Figure 3. Algorithm schematic
      Algorithm schematic